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Chatham House, also known as the Royal Institute of International Affairs, is a prominent think tank that specializes in international affairs. Established in 1920, its primary focus is to provide a platform for discussions about global challenges and to produce authoritative research on issues like security, diplomacy, and global governance. Chatham House is particularly renowned for its in-depth analysis and engagement on a variety of international issues, making it a leading authority in the field of international relations.

The other think tanks listed have different areas of focus. Demos is known for its work on social democracy and public policy; the Fabian Society emphasizes socialist ideas and reforms within the UK; and the Adam Smith Institute is associated with free market economic policies. These distinctions highlight why Chatham House is specifically recognized for its contributions to international affairs.